AdBlue
A 32.5% solution of urea in water with a strict quality standard controlled by the DIN V 70070 standard. AdBlue is a trademark of the VDA in Germany.

ACEA
The European Automobile Manufacturers' Association (Association des Constructeurs Européens d'Automobiles). An association representing the interests of automotive manufactures active in the European market. At present there are 13 members including Daimler, DAF, Iveco, MAN, Scania and Volvo.

BlueTec
BlueTec is a clean diesel technology brand championed by German automakers Daimler, Audi and Volkswagen. The term will be used to promote clean diesel passenger cars in the USA. BMW is not part of this group.

CARB
The Californian Air Resource Board regulates air quality in California, USA. California's Tier II Bin 5 legislation sets the world's most stringent emissions limits for passenger cars.

CEC
The European Commission is the executive body of the European Union.

CO
Carbon monoxide

Co-decision
Refers to EU legislation. The process gives the Parliament the power to adopt legal instruments jointly with the Council, so both institutions reach a jointly agreed text.

Comitology
The system used in the European Union to oversee acts implemented by the European Commission. It aims to encourage feedback from member states, and to assist with implementation in national law.

CV
Commercial vehicle.

DG ENTR
The European Union Directorate General of Enterprise and Industry which is responsible for motor vehicle emissions legislation.

DIN
Deutsches Institut für Normung / German standards Institute. EEV - Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicle.

DPF
Diesel particulate filter. A method of reducing particulate emissions from diesel engine vehicles by trapping the soot.

EGR
Exhaust Gas Recirculation. Technology that reduces emissions by lowering combustion temperature. This is achieved by cooling and returning a portion of the exhaust gas to the
engine inlet.

EMA
The Engine Manufacturers Association is an association of the leading engine manufacturers in the USA.

EPA
The Environmental Protection Agency. The US government agency responsible for regulating pollutants emitted from vehicles. In April 2007 the Supreme Court ruled that the EPA has authority to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant.

HC
Hydrocarbons, a category of pollutants produced in the diesel combustion process, and includes unburned or partially burned fuel.

HCCI
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition is a form of diesel combustion capable of achieving extremely low emissions and high fuel efficiency. The process involves accurately pre-mixing the diesel and air before entering the cylinder and being compressed to the point of ignition. HCCI is yet to be applied commercially in vehicle applications.

Home base
Home of the fleet company, place where trucks are stationed when not on the road. Also called home depot.


Homologation
The process have having a product certified to meet national legislation. Also known as Type Approval.

IBC
Intermediate Bulk Container. A temporary container for storing liquids. Usually has a nozzle for delivery into the vehicle.

LEZ
A Low Emissions Zone is an area where access is restricted to vehicles achieving a required emissions limit. LEZs are enforced around some major metropolitan areas.

MAUT
The LKW-MAUT is an electronic road toll system introduced to 12,000km of Germany's Autobahns. The toll averages €0.12/km and applies to HDVs over 12t (GVW). Early adoption of clean diesel technologies can qualify the vehicle for a discounted rate, promoting the use of cleaner vehicles in Europe.

NOx
Nitrogen oxides, a mix of nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide.

OBD
On Board Diagnostics. An electronic telemetry system built into the vehicle, which measures operating parameters and reports these to the driver and stores them.

OEM
Original Equipment Manufacturer. In this context, a manufacturer of trucks or buses.

OTR
On The Road. Refers to filling stations positioned along highways as opposed to fleet home bases.

PM
Particulate Matter. A harmful pollutant made up of small particles of soot.

Retrofit
Retrofit is the application of a newer emissions technology to an older vehicle.

SCR
Selective Catalytic Reduction. A method of reducing the NOx content in exhaust gases by reacting these with ammonia over a catalyst. In commercial vehicles, ammonia is provided by
breaking down urea into its component parts, ammonia and carbon dioxide.

VDA
Verband der Automobilindustrie, the German automobile
association which owns the trademark for AdBlue urea solution.